- INCAMAKE KU BUZIMA BWA MARIE JEANNE NOPPEN
Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yavutse ku itariki 13 Werurwe 1921 i Berchem (Anvers) mu Bubiligi. Nyuma yo gusoza amashuri abanza, yakomereje muri Institut Notre-Dame de Berchem mu ishami rya Humanités Modernes ahakura impamyabumenyi yo mu burezi (institutrice). Yanize mu Ishami rya siyansi kugeza muri Nyakanga 1942 ahabwa impamyabumenyi muri siyansi.
Hagati ya 1946-1948, yabaye umwarimu mu ishuri nderabarezi ry’ababikira “Notre Dame de Berchem” aho yigishaga amasomo ajyanye na siyansi.
Kuva muri 1948 kugera 1950, yabaga muri Congo Mbirigi (DRC y’ubu) ahitwa Nioki, yigisha abana b’abakobwa. Ntiyahatinze kubera impamvu z’ubuzima bwaho bwari bugoye, asubira mu Bubirigi.
Muri 1952, Musenyeri BIGIRUMWAMI Aloys yagiye mu Bubiligi gushakayo abahanga bamufasha guteza imbere Diyosezi ya Nyundo yari imaze kujyaho, akaba ari we wari ubaye Musenyeri wa mbere w’umwirabura muri Congo Belge-Rwanda-Burundi, anahabwa kuyobora Diyosezi ya Nyundo. Yasabye bagenzi be bo mu Bubiligi kumushakira itsinda ry’abarimu b’abahanga, nibwo bamuzaniye Marie Jeanne NOPPEN wari « une laïque engagée » abarizwa mu bo bita Abafasha b’Ubutumwa (Auxiliaire de l’Apostolat – bakunze kwitwa abakobwa ba Musenyeri). Musenyeri BIGIRUMWAMI akimuzana mu Rwanda, Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yahise atangiza kandi ayobora ishuri nderabarezi ry’abakobwa i Muramba muri Diyosezi ya Nyundo (Ecole Normale Inférieure de Muramba) kuva 1952 kugeza 1967.
Muri 1967, yaje kuva i Muramba ajya ku Nyundo gutangiza Ishuri rya mbere mu Rwanda ryigisha abana b’abakobwa ibya siyansi ryitwa Lycée Notre Dame d’Afrique de Nyundo. Imyumvire yariho icyo gihe yerekanaga ko umwana w’umukobwa atabasha kwiga siyansi kuko byari byarahariwe abana b’abahungu gusa.
Marie Jeanne NOPPEN waharaniraga uburinganire bw’abakobwa n’abahungu, yagaragaje ko ubwenge bwabo ari bumwe, ko bashobora kwiga kandi bagakora imirimo imwe. Abakobwa bigaga kuri iryo shuri babaye indashyikirwa mu bizamini bya Leta, batsindaga ku rugero rwo hejuru bakabona imyanya ya mbere ku rwego rw’Igihugu. Ibyo byatumye Lycée Notre Dame d’Afrique de Nyundo iba ikirangirire kubera gutsindisha abanyeshuri benshi.
Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yayoboye Lycée Notre Dame d’Afrique kugeza agiye mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru mu 1987. Nyuma yaho, yakomeje kuba hafi y’ubuyobozi bw’ishuri rya Nyundo, kugeza tariki ya 9 Mata 1994 ubwo yahungiraga kuri Meridien Izuba ku Gisenyi, nyuma akanyura i Goma, agasubira iwabo mu Bubiligi kubera impamvu z’umutekano we.
Mu 1995 yagarutse mu Rwanda kureba niba mu banyeshuri be hari abarokotse Jenoside. Bamwe mu bihayimana mu Bubiligi ubwo bamubazaga impamvu akunda u Rwanda, yarabasubije ngo "J’ai investi mon amour au Rwanda" bishatse gusobanura urukundo ntagereranywa yakundaga u Rwanda.
- IBYARANZE MARIE JEANNE NOPPEN MU GUTEZA IMBERE UMWANA W‘UMUKOBWA
Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere umwana w’umukobwa, Marie Jeanne NOPPEN afatanyije na Musenyeri BIGIRUMWAMI Aloys n’Umwami Mutara Rudahigwa, bohereje abakobwa kwiga i Burayi mu Bubiligi mbere y’ubwigenge. Abakobwa ba mbere bagiye mu kwezi kwa Kanama 1956 bavuye mu bigo bitandukanye. Ku ishuri ry’i Muramba havuye 3, i Save 3 abandi 3 bava i Nyanza muri Ecole Menagère. Mubakiriho harimo Mukayirabuka Immaculée watanze ubuhamya. Nk’uko abyivugira, bageze i Burayi biga mu mashuri atandukanye aho we na bagenzi be bari bavanye i Muramba bize i Bruxelles ku ishuri rya Institut des Dames de Marie. Yabashakiye imiryango yabakiraga mu gihe cy’ikiruhuko, abashakira ibyo babaga bakeneye byose. Na nyuma yaho Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yakomeje gushakira amashuri abakobwa b’Abanyarwandakazi bajya kwiga i Burayi.
Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yateje imbere siyansi mu Rwanda, yerekanye ko umwana w’umukobwa n’umuhungu bose ari kimwe akuraho imyumvire yari iriho ko umukobwa ntacyo yashobora, aberewe n’imirimo iciriritse. Yatinyuye abana b’abakobwa kwiga Siyansi, bamwe muri bo babaye aba dogiteri mu bumenyi bunyuranye, abandi babaye abayobozi bakuru mu nzego zitandukanye mu Rwanda no mu mahanga.
- IMIBANIRE YA MARIE JEANNE NOPPEN N’ABANYESHURI BIZE KU BIGO YAYOBOYE
Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yaranzwe n’urukundo ruhebuje yakundaga abanyeshuri be, ubumuntu, kutavangura abo ashinzwe kurera n’ibindi. Ababanye na Marie Jeanne NOPPEN bavuga ibigwi bye mu buryo butandukanye :
Kuri bamwe, Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yari umuntu uharanira iterambere ry’umwana w’umukobwa, akaba yari inararibonye n’umuyobozi ufite intumbero ku hazaza h’umwana w’umukobwa mu Rwanda.
Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yari afite ubumuntu n’urukundo bihebuje, ntiyarobanuraga ku butoni, abanyeshuri bose yabafataga kimwe. Yari umuntu ucisha make, wiyoroshya, umukozi w’indashyikirwa, udacika intege cyangwa ngo agamburuzwe n’ingorane ahura nazo. Yagiraga umwete mu byo akora byose.
Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yagiraga igitsure ariko cyuje ineza n’urukundo. Yakundwaga n’abanyeshuri bigaga muri Ecole Normale de Muramba na Lycée Notre Dame d’Afrique de Nyundo kubera indangagaciro zihambaye zamurangaga. Yari umubyeyi ukunda bihebuje abana yari ashinzwe kurera.
Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yarwanyaga ikintu cyose cyateza umwiryane n’amacakubiri hagati y’abanyeshuri. Yahoraga ashishikariye kumenya uko buri munyeshuri abayeho no kumenya amateka ye kugira ngo abone uko amufasha. Yafashaga abana b’abakobwa bavaga mu miryango ikennye n’abandi bari bafite ababyeyi bahunze u Rwanda, bameneshejwe n’ubutegetsi bubi bw’ivangura bwari ho icyo gihe.
Mu rwego rwo gukomeza gufasha abana b’abakobwa bagaragaraga ko amasomo ya siyansi batayashoboye, Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yashyizeho Ishami rya “Secrétariat” bakaba ari yo bigamo. Yabaga agamije kutagira uwo asiga inyuma mu iterambere ry’umwana w’umukobwa.
Kubera politiki mbi yo guheza Abatutsi, Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yashakiye amashuri abakobwa be, dore ko ariko yabitaga, muri za Kaminuza zo mu Burayi iyo babaga babimye buruse muri Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda, nyamara ari abahanga. Abatangabuhamya bamwe bavuga ko babashije kwiga kubera Marie Jeanne NOPPEN wabashakiye ibyari bikenewe byose harimo passport, amafaranga y’ishuri n’ibindi bajya kwiga i Burayi, abandi bikaba ngombwa ko Minisiteri y’Uburezi yemera kubaha buruse y’i Butare kuko yababwiraga ko agiye gutaha iwabo niba barenganije umwana uyu n’uyu watsinze ku rwego rwo hejuru.
- IBIKORWA MARIE JEANNE NOPPEN YAKOZE BIGAMIJE GUKIZA UBUZIMA BW’ABAHIGWAGA
Hagati y’Ugushyingo n’Ukuboza 1959, Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yarwanye ku banyeshuri b’Abatutsi bigaga i Muramba ubwo Abaparmehutu bazaga kubica. Nyuma yo kubakiza abicanyi, yafashije abo banyeshuri gusanga imiryango yabo aho yari yarahungiye kubera kumeneshwa mu gihugu. Abari bafite imiryango yaciriwe mu Bugesera, Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yarabaherekeje abagezayo.
Abanyeshuri bari bafite ababyeyi bahungiye i Buganda no muri Congo, Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yashatse imodoka arabajyana abageza aho ababyeyi babo bari bahungiye. Yakomeje kujya amenya uko bameze abashakira uko bakomeza amashuri mu Bihugu bari barahungiyemo.
Muri 1973, ubwo Leta ya Kayibanda yirukanaga Abatutsi mu mashuri no mu kazi, Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yarwanye ku banyeshuri bigaga muri Lycée Notre Dame d’Afrique de Nyundo, arabahungisha, bamwe bajya i Goma abandi bajya i Burundi. Kubera ko igitero cyazaga guhiga no kwirukana abanyeshuri b’Abatutsi cyabaga kigizwe n’abahungu bigaga muri Seminari Ntoya ya Nyundo no ku ishuri ry’ubugeni (Ecole d’Arts), Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yarwanye ku banyeshuri be ntihagira uwicwa. Yarabahungishije abajyana kuri Maison Saint Pierre (aho bitaga Ku Nzu ya Musenyeri) mu mujyi wa Gisenyi, nyuma akabakomezanya i Goma.
Nyuma y’izo mvururu, Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yakiriye abanyeshuri b’Abatutsi bari barirukanywe mu bindi bigo. Kubera ko abategetsi barimo abasirikare nka Colonel KANYARENGWE Alexis n’abandi aribo bari bashinzwe gukurikiranira hafi Lycée Notre Dame d’Afrique de Nyundo, iyo bazaga mu kigo baje kureba uko politiki y’iringaniza ishyirwa mu bikorwa, Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yafataga abanyeshuri b’Abatutsi akabahisha, abashinzwe igenzura bamara kugenda, akabasubiza mu ishuri.
Mu Kwakira 1990 ubwo urugamba rwo kubohora Igihugu rwatangiraga Abatutsi benshi bagafungwa bitwa ibyitso by’Inkotanyi, Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yarwanye ku Batutsi babaga bafunzwe, aho yabasuraga muri kasho no muri gereza akabagemurira ibyo kurya. Yajyaga kureba inzego zitandukanye agakorera ubuvugizi Abatutsi babaga bahohotewe n’ababaga bafunzwe. Yabaye hafi cyane ya Nyakwigendera Padiri Ntagara (yishwe muri jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi) wafunzwe yitwa icyitso cy’Inkotanyi, amusura buri gihe aho yarafungiwe ariko akanasura n’abandi babaga bafunganywe nawe.
Yifashishije Croix rouge, Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yajyanaga amakuru kuri Ambassade y’u Bubiligi mu Rwanda akayimenyesha ubwicanyi buri gukorerwa Abatutsi.
Nyuma y’uko Abatutsi bahungiye ku Nyundo guhera muri Gashyantare 1991, Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yahagurukanye umurava ashaka imfashanyo z’ibyo kurya n’ibikoresho afatanyije n’ubuyobozi bwa Diyosezi ya Nyundo.
Ubwo Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yashyirwaga mu bikorwa guhera ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, Marie Jeanne yari ku Nyundo hafi ya Orphelinat. Ku itariki ya 8 Mata 1994, yahunganye n’abanyamahanga batandukanye babaga ku Nyundo bajya kuri Hotel Meridien Izuba ku Gisenyi. Kubera ko hari hahungiye abanyamahanga benshi, hakozwe lisiti y’abari bahahungiye yohererezwa Ambasade y’Ubufaransa i Kigali hakoreshejwe Fax babasaba kubafasha kugira ngo babageze kuri Goma. Ku itariki ya 9 Mata 1994, Ambasade y’u Bufaransa yemeje urwo rutonde, yohereza n’ababafasha kwambuka bajya kuri Goma muri Kongo. Ku itariki 12 Mata 1994, Uhagarariye inyungu z’u Bubiligi muri Zaire (Kongo y’Ubu) yarahamuvanye ari kumwe na bagenzi be abajyana iwabo mu Bubiligi.
- IBYARANZE MARIE JEANNE NOPPEN NYUMA YA JENOSIDE YAKOREWE ABATUTSI
Nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yakomeje kuzirikana Abanyarwanda. Mu 1995, Mari Jeanne NOPPEN yagarutse mu Rwanda kureba ko mu banyeshuri be n’incuti ze haba hari abarokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, cyangwa n’abatarahigwaga niba bakiri mu gihugu. Asanga bamwe barapfuye, abandi barahunze.
Icyo gihe Marie Jeanne NOPPEN ntiyatinze mu Rwanda, yahamaze igihe gito asubira mu Bubiligi kubera impamvu z’uburwayi. Yongeye kugaruka mu Rwanda mu 2002 ubwo yari yaje kwizihiza Yubile y’imyaka 50 Diyosezi ya Nyundo. Icyo gihe yari yatumiwe n’abahoze ari abanyeshuri yarereye muri Lycée Notre Dame d’Afrique, bose hamwe n’abize i Muramba bari bakiriho, bamukorera umunsi mukuru, bamushimira ibyo yabakoreye, n’intambwe yabagejeje ho.
UMWANZURO
Ku itariki ya 8 Nyakanga 2007 Marie Jeanne NOPPEN yitabye Imana, ashyingurwa ku itariki 14 Nyakanga 2007, iwabo mu Bubirigi. Marie Jeanne NOPPEN azahora yibukirwa ku rukundo ruhebuje, ubumuntu, ubwitange, ubutwari, guharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu n’iterambere ry’umwana w’umukobwa mu Rwanda.